Last data update: May 20, 2024. (Total: 46824 publications since 2009)
Records 1-3 (of 3 Records) |
Query Trace: Finnerty E[original query] |
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HIV seroprevalence among orphaned and homeless youth: no place like home
Hillis SD , Zapata L , Robbins CL , Kissin DM , Skipalska H , Yorick R , Finnerty E , Marchbanks PA , Jamieson DJ . AIDS 2011 26 (1) 105-10 OBJECTIVES: We evaluated the combined influences of orphaned status and homelessness on HIV seroprevalence and risk among street-involved Ukrainian youth in 2008. DESIGN: Systematic, multi-city, community-based, cross-sectional assessment. METHODS: Time-location sampling was used to identify eligible youth ages 15-24 after city-wide mapping of 91 sites where street-involved youth gathered in Odessa, Kiev, and Donetsk. Universal sampling identified 961 youth in 74 randomly selected sites; 97% consented. Youth reporting 1 or both parents dead were classified as orphaned; those without a stable residence or sleeping outside their residence ≥2 nights/wk were classified as homeless. Trained staff provided HIV counseling and rapid testing via mobile vans. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated using logistic regression, accounting for intra-cluster homogeneity. RESULTS: We found 32%(300/929) were both orphaned and homeless; 48% either homeless/not orphaned(37%[343/929]) or orphaned/not homeless(11%[104/929]); and 20%(182/929) neither orphaned nor homeless. HIV seroprevalences were 7% for neither orphaned/homeless; 16% and 17%, respectively, for either orphaned/homeless; 28% for both orphaned/homeless (p for trend<.0001). Adjusted odds ratios for HIV infection were 1.0 for neither; 2.3 and 2.4 for either homeless(95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-2.9) or orphaned(CI 1.8-3.3); 3.3 for both orphaned/homeless(CI 2.3-4.4). Ever-use of injection drugs increased from 15% to 32% to 48% for those who neither, either, or both orphaned and homeless, respectively (p for trend <.0001). CONCLUSIONS: One of four youth who were both homeless and orphaned was HIV-infected; these youth were significantly more likely to be HIV-infected and to report injection drug use than those with adequate housing and living parents. |
Multi-city assessment of lifetime pregnancy involvement among street youth, Ukraine
Zapata LB , Kissin DM , Robbins CL , Finnerty E , Skipalska H , Yorick RV , Jamieson DJ , Marchbanks PA , Hillis SD . J Urban Health 2011 88 (4) 779-92 Although street youth are at increased risk of lifetime pregnancy involvement (LPI), or ever becoming or getting someone pregnant, no reports to date describe the epidemiology of LPI among systematically sampled street youth from multiple cities outside of North America. The purpose of our assessment was to describe the prevalence of and risk factors associated with LPI among street youth from three Ukrainian cities. We used modified time-location sampling to conduct a cross-sectional assessment in Odesa, Kyiv, and Donetsk that included citywide mapping of 91 public venue locations frequented by street youth, random selection of 74 sites, and interviewing all eligible and consenting street youth aged 15-24 years found at sampled sites (n = 929). Characteristics of youth and prevalence of LPI overall and by demographic, social, sexual, and substance use risk factors, were estimated separately for males and females. Adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were calculated with multivariable logistic regression and effect modification by gender was examined. Most (96.6%) eligible youth consented to participate. LPI was reported for 41.7% of females (93/223) and 23.5% of males (166/706). For females, LPI was significantly elevated and highest (>70%) among those initiating sexual activity at ≤12 years and for those reporting lifetime anal sex and exchanging sex for goods. For males, LPI was significantly elevated and highest (>40%) among those who reported lifetime anal sex and history of a sexually transmitted infection. Overall, risk factors associated with LPI were similar for females and males. Among the total sample (females and males combined), significant independent risk factors with AORs ≥2.5 included female gender, being aged 20-24 years, having five to six total adverse childhood experiences, initiating sex at age ≤12 or 13-14 years, lifetime anal sex, most recent sex act unprotected, and lifetime exchange of sex for goods. Among street youth with LPI (n = 259), the most recent LPI event was reported to be unintended by 63.3% and to have ended in abortion by 43.2%. In conclusion, our assessment documented high rates of LPI among Ukrainian street youth who, given the potential for negative outcomes and the challenges of raising a child on the streets, are in need of community-based pregnancy prevention programs and services. Promising preventive strategies are discussed, which are likely applicable to other urban populations of street-based youth as well. |
Multicity HIV seroprevalence in street youth, Ukraine
Robbins CL , Zapata L , Kissin DM , Shevchenko N , Yorick R , Skipalska H , Finnerty E , Ornstein T , Marchbanks PA , Jamieson DJ , Hillis SD . Int J STD AIDS 2010 21 (7) 489-96 We conducted the first systematic, community-based, multicity assessment outside the USA of HIV seroprevalence, risk factors and linkage into clinical services among 929 street youth. After city-wide mapping, we used time-location sampling and randomly selected 74 venues in Odesa, Kyiv and Donetsk, Ukraine. Rapid HIV testing with post-test counselling was offered to all eligible youths aged 15-24 years. Overall, 18.4% (95% confidence interval 16.2-20.2) were HIV positive and 85% had previously unknown status. Rates were identical by sex. Subgroups with highest rates included orphans (26%), youths with histories of exchanging sex (35%), sexually transmitted infections (STIs) (37%), injection drug use (IDU) (42%) and needle sharing (49%). Independent predictors, similar across age groups and city, included being orphaned, time on the street, history of anal sex, STIs, exchanging sex, any drug use, IDU and needle sharing. Two-thirds (68%) of HIV-positive youths were linked to services. This high-risk population has many immediate needs. |
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